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ELOHIM "ELOHIM" is the first name for God found in the Tenach (Old Testament). It is in Genesis 1:1 and is the third word of the Hebrew Scriptures: In the beginning "Elohim" - "God." Elohim is the most common name that is translated as "God." Elohim comes from a root that means "strength, might, power." It is used over 2300 times in the Scriptures to refer to the God of Israel. Elohim is unusual since it is plural. It can also be translated as "gods." Exodus 12:12 refers to "all the elohim (gods) of Egypt." This plural name that is used for the One God of Israel opens the door for the revelation of the plural yet single nature of God that is more fully revealed in the rest of the Scriptures. Elohim can be combined with other words. When that happens different attributes of God are emphasized. Elohay Kedem - God of the Beginning: (Deuteronomy 33:27). The Powerful One always was and is. He is before all things in time and priority. He must be first before all else in our affections. Elohay Tz'vaot - God Of Hosts, or God of Armies: (2 Samuel 5:10). The Strong One is a mighty warrior and is the commander in chief of the armies of Heaven and His people on earth. Elohay Mishpat - God Of Justice: (Isaiah 30:18). The Powerful One is perfectly just and will bring perfect justice to the world. Elohay Selichot - God Of Forgiveness: (Nehemiah 9:17). Men might be slow to forgive, but it is the Mighty One's nature to forgive. God's desire is to grant us forgiveness. Elohay Marom - God Of Heights: (Micah 6:6). Heights signifies supremacy of power and position. The Strongest One is supremely exalted. Elohay Mikarov - God Who Is Near: (Jeremiah 23:23). The Mighty One is not distant. He is near His creation. He did not create then abandon the world. Yeshua's incarnation supremely expresses this truth. Elohay Chasdi - God Of My Kindness: (Psalm 59:11, 18). The Strong One is Himself kind and works to make us kind. Yeshua's life and sacrifice is the supreme example of God's kindness. Elohay Mauzi - God Of My Strength: (Psalm 43:2). The Strongest One desires to make us strong. When we realize that we are weak, then He is able to make us strong when we are united with Him. Elohay Tehilati - God Of My Praise: (Psalm 109:1). God is supremely worthy of our praise. He desires to be the main subject of our accolades as well as what we talk and think about. Elohay Yishi - God Of My Salvation: (Psalm 18:47, 25:5). Salvation is in a Person - Yeshua - not a belief system or good works. God's nature and will is to save what is lost. Salvation must be personal. The Mighty One must be the God of my salvation. Elohay Elohim - God Of Gods: (Deuteronomy 10:17). There are other so called "gods" and powers, but the Strong One is mightier than all. Even they acknowledge Him as the Most Powerful. Elohay Tzur - God Of Rock: (2 Samuel 22:47). Rock is strong, solid, dependable, enduring, useful as a weapon or for defence. The Powerful One is our eternal defence who we can depend on since He is strong and reliable. Elohay Kol Basar - God Of All Flesh: (Jeremiah 32:27). The Mighty One created all living thing on earth and demands that they conform to His plans for them. Elohay HaRuchot LeKol Basar - God Of The Spirits Of All Flesh: (Numbers 16:22). God created us with a physical and spiritual dimension. He claims lordship over body and soul, flesh and spirit. Elohim Kedoshim - Holy God: (Leviticus 19:2, Joshua 24:19). The Mighty One is unique, special, one of a kind. There is no one and nothing like Him, and there will never be. He is distinct from everyone and everything else. He is pure and free from any wrong. Elohim Chaiyim - Living God: (Jeremiah 10:10). The Strong One is alive and the giver of live. He created life and everything that is living. He longs to give life eternal and abundant.
EL "EL" is another name that is translated as "God." El is a simple form related to Elohim. It is used 200 times in the Scriptures. "El" is often combined with words that emphasize different attributes of God. El HaNe'eman - The Faithful God: (Deuteronomy 7:9). Everything The Mighty One says and does is 100% reliable. He is completely trustworthy. El HaGadol - The Great God: (Deuteronomy 10:17). He is great in all ways: His nature, His attributes, His deeds, and His size. El HaKadosh - The Holy God: (Isaiah 5:16). The Strong One is unique. He is distinct from creation. There is no one and nothing like Him. El Yisrael - The God Of Israel: (Psalm 68:36). The Powerful One chose Israel and is forever uniquely connected to His Chosen People. El HaShamayim - The God Of The Heavens: (Psalm 136:26). The Strong One created the heavens. His throne is in Heaven and He rules over the heavenly hosts. El Sali - God Of My Rock: (Psalm 42:10). The Mighty One is my defender, my stronghold, my protection from all attacks. El Simchat Gili - God The Joy Of My Exaltation: (Psalm 43:4). The Strong One is the source of tremendous joy to me. El Rah'ee - The God Who Sees: (Genesis 16:13). The Powerful One sees and knows all. El HaKavod - The God Of Respect: (Psalm 29:3). God Himself is beautiful and is the source of all beauty and creativity. El De'ot - The God Of Knowledge: (1 Samuel 2:3). The Mighty One is all knowing and the source of all knowledge. Whatever knowledge man has comes from Him. El Olam - The God Of Eternity, or The God Of The Universe: (Genesis 21:33). The Strong One is eternal. He is the Maker of time, eternity, and the universe. He is without beginning and without end. El Emet - The God Of Truth: (Psalm 31:6). The Powerful One is the source of ultimate reality. Everything connected with Him is true and real. El Emunah - The Faithful God: (Deuteronomy 32:4). The Strong One is completely reliable. You can trust Him completely, in this life and with your eternal destiny. El Yeshuati - The God Of My Salvation: (Isaiah 12:2). God Himself is the source of salvation. He wants to save His creation. Each individual must personally know Him as The God Of My Salvation. El Chaiyai - The God Of My Life: (Psalm 42:9). The Strong One is the source of all life. He gives life, including eternal life. El Echad - The One God: (Malachi 2:10). He is the only true God, the ultimate Mighty One. El Rachum - The God Of Compassion: (Deuteronomy 4:31). His nature is one of kindness. The Powerful One is full of compassion and feeling for people. He is completely free of any cruelty or meanness. El Chanun - The Gracious God: (Jonah 4:2). His nature is gracious, giving and generous, even when we don't deserve it. El Kana - The Jealous God: (Deuteronomy 4:24). The Mighty One is extremely protective towards His people and doesn't want to share our affections with other "gods." His very name and character is Jealous (Exodus 34:14). El Tzadik - The Righteous God: (Isaiah 45:21). Everything The Powerful One does and says is right. Even though there is much unrighteousness in the world, He is completely fair and just in all His doings. Eventually He will make everything right. El Shaddai - God The All Sufficient: (Genesis 17:1). "Shad" means "breast" in Hebrew. Like a nursing mother God completely nourishes and satisfies His people and takes care of all their needs. El Elyon - The Most High God: (Genesis 14:18). Height signifies power and position. The Powerful One is supremely exalted. El Yeshurun - The God of Yeshurun: (Deuteronomy 33:26). Yeshurun means "righteous", and is another name for Israel. The Mighty One is forever uniquely connected to Israel. He is righteous and will make Israel completely righteous. El Gibor - The Mighty God: (Isaiah 9:6). God is a mighty warrior and the strongest force in the universe. Immanu El - God Is With Us: (Isaiah 7:14). God's desire is to be with us. He created us out of His nature to share Himself with people and be with us forever. It is important to know that God is Elohim, Eloah, Elah and El. He is the source of all power, might and strength. He is the strongest one in the universe. No one is more powerful than He. We can go to the Mighty One, the Powerful One, the Strong One, who will infuse us with strength and empower us to do all that He calls us to do.
ELAH "ELAH" is another name that is translated as "God." It is used 70 times in the Scriptures. It can be combined with other words so that different attributes of God are emphasized. Elah Yerush'lem - God of Jerusalem: (Ezra 7:19). God is uniquely associated with Jerusalem. He is forever tied to the city of Jerusalem. It is His eternal capital and dwelling place. It will be the future center of the universe. Elah Yisrael - God of Israel: (Ezra 5:1). God is specially connected with Israel and it pleased to call Himself the God of Israel. Elah Sh'maya - God of Heaven: (Ezra 7:23). The Strong One created the heavens. His throne is in Heaven and He rules over the heavenly hosts. Elah Sh'maya V'Arah - God of Heaven and Earth: (Ezra 5:11). The Mighty One is the ruler over the entire universe. There is nothing that is not under His power.
ELOAH "ELOAH" is the singular of Elohim. It is used 50 times in the Bible. It too is translated as "God."
YHVH "YHVH" is a name that is translated as "LORD." It is used approximately 7000 times in the Tenach, more than any other name for God. It is also referred to as the "Tetragrammaton", which means "The Four Letters" because it comes from four Hebrew letters: Yud, Hay, Vav, Hay. This is the special memorial-name that God revealed to Moses at the burning bush. "And God said to Moses, "I AM WHO I AM; and He said, thus you shall say to the sons of Israel, I AM has sent me to you... this is My eternal name, and this is how I am to be recalled for all generations" (Exodus 3:14-15). Even though the name YHVH appears in Genesis 2, God didn't reveal Himself as YHVH until Exodus 3 in conjunction with the creation of Israel. This name comes from the Hebrew verb which means "to be." YHVH emphasizes God's absolute being. He is the source of all being, all reality, and all existence. He has being inherent in Himself. Everything else derives its being from Him. YHVH denotes God's utter transcendence. He is beyond His creation. He is without beginning and without end because He always is. Although some pronounce YHVH as Jehovah or Yaweh, we no longer know the proper pronunciation. The Jewish people stopped saying this name by the third century A.D. out of fear of violating the commandment "You shall not take the name of YHVH your God in vain" (Exodus 20:7). According to the rabbis, the Tetragrammaton may not be pronounced under any circumstances. Another name, "Adonai", is usually substituted in place of YHVH. When YHVH is combined with other words the LORD's different attributes are emphasized. YHVH Elohim - LORD God: (Genesis 2:4). This is a powerful revelation of God as the Strongest One who is the totality of all being, reality and existence. He is the Mighty One who has all the power and resources to meet all of man's needs. YHVH M'kadesh - The LORD Who Makes Holy: (Ezekiel 37:28). He is holy, unique, special, one of a kind. There is one God and there is no one and nothing like Him. Holiness comes from closeness to Adonai M'kadesh. The closer we get to Him the holier we become. YHVH Yireh - The LORD Who Sees: (Genesis 22:14). Adonai is all seeing and is aware of all our problems and needs. The LORD is committed to provide for all the needs of His people. YHVH Nisi - The LORD My Miracle, or The LORD My Banner: (Exodus 17:15). If we need a miracle Adonai is able to do one for us. He is our banner or standard. In the midst of life's raging battles we see Him high and lifted up. If we keep our eyes on Him and follow Him we will be miraculously victorious. YHVH Shalom - The LORD Of Peace: (Judges 6:24). "Shalom" means wholeness, completeness, peace. The LORD is complete in and of Himself. Adonai needs nothing to add to His completeness. His desire and purpose is to restore peace and wholeness to His creation that was fractured by sin. YHVH Tzidkaynu - The LORD Our Righteousness: (Jeremiah 33:16). The LORD is perfectly right and just in all that He says and does. Entering into a personal faith relationship with Adonai is what makes us right. Ultimate saving righteousness doesn't come by keeping commandments or doing good deeds, but by having a right relationship with Adonai Tzidkaynu and being declared righteous by Him. YHVH Rofehcha - The LORD Who Heals You: (Exodus 15:26). Adonai is the Great Physician and the ultimate source of all healing - spiritual, physical, emotional, mental, societal, environmental. If you are in need of any kind of healing He is the first One to turn to. YHVH Tz'vaot - The LORD Of Armies: (1 Samuel 1:11). The LORD is the most powerful being and the greatest warrior in the universe. Adonai is the general of His armies in Heaven and on Earth. He is the supreme Commander in Chief. YHVH O'saynu - The LORD our Maker: (Psalm 95:6). The LORD is our Creator. Since He is our Maker He deserves all that we have and all that we are.
MESSIAH YESHUA IS YHVH The LORD who revealed Himself as YHVH in the Tenach is revealed as Yeshua in the New Testament. Yeshua shares the same attributes as YHVH and claims to be YHVH. Messiah Yeshua has the same attribute of being inherent in Himself: "For just as the Father has life in Himself, even so He gave to the Son also to have life in Himself" (John 5:26). Messiah Yeshua has the same attribute of sustaining the universe: "And He is before all things, and in Him all things hold together" (Colossians 1:17). "He upholds all things by the word of His power" (Messianic Jews - Hebrews 1:3). Messiah Yeshua claimed to be YHVH. In John 8:56-9 Yeshua claimed to be "I AM." When asked by some Jewish leaders how He could have seen Abraham, who lived 2000 years before He was born, Yeshua replied: "Truly, truly, I say to you, before Abraham was born, I AM. Therefore they picked up stones to throw at Him", referring to Exodus 3:14. Those leaders of Israel understood that Yeshua was claiming to be YHVH. This is proven when they tried to stone Him to death for what they considered blasphemy. In Romans 10:9 Paul tells the Messianic Community at Rome: "if you confess with your mouth Yeshua as Lord... you shall be saved." A few verses later, in 10:13, Paul backs up this statement by quoting Joel 2:32: "Whoever will call upon the name of the LORD (YHVH) will be saved." Calling on Yeshua as Lord is equivalent to calling Him YHVH, because Yeshua is YHVH - LORD.
YAH "YAH" is a shortened form of YHVH. It means the same thing as YHVH, and is used approximately 40 times in the Scriptures. Yah appears primarily in the book of Psalms. Psalm 122:3-4 says that "Jerusalem is built as a city that is compact together; to which the tribes of Yah (the LORD) go up." It is also found in the compound word "hallelu-Yah", which means "praise Yah (the LORD)."
ADONAI "ADONAI" is the rabbinic substitute for the Tetragrammaton. It can literally be translated as "my lords." It is an emphatic form of the word "Adon", which means "master" or "lord." Adonai is usually translated as "Lord." It is used approximately 450 times. "I saw Adonai (the Lord) sitting on a throne, high and lifted up, with the train of His robe filling the temple" (Isaiah 6:1). Adonay HaAdonim - Lord Of The Lords: (Deuteronomy 10:17). Our Lord is the supreme Master, the ultimate Ruler, the Lord over all the powers and authorities that exist in the universe.
ADON "ADON" means "Lord": (Isaiah 10:33). God is the Master. He rules and issues commands. We are to obey. Is He your Lord?
OTHER NAMES AND TITLES OF GOD IN THE TENACH The Name: [HaShem] (Leviticus 24:16) God Of Abraham, God Of Isaac, And God Of Jacob: (Exodus 3:15) The Great Mighty Awesome God: (Deuteronomy 10:17) Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Father Of Eternity, Prince Of Peace: (Isaiah 9:6) Father: (Isaiah 64:8) Holy One: (Habakkuk 1:12) Holy Spirit: (Psalm 51:11) Spirit Of God: (Genesis 1:2) The Spirit Of The LORD God: (Isaiah 61:1) The Spirit Of The LORD, The Spirit Of Wisdom And Understanding, The Spirit Of Counsel and Strength, The Spirit Of Knowledge And The Fear Of The LORD: (Isaiah 11:2) Holy One Of Israel: (Psalm 78:41) Upright One: (Isaiah 26:7) Light: (Psalm 27:1) Light Of Israel: (Isaiah 10:17) Light To The Nations: (Isaiah 42:6) Our Dwelling Place: (Psalm 90:1) Fortress: (Psalm 91:2) Stronghold: (Psalm 18:2) Tower Of Strength: (Psalm 61:3) Refuge: (Psalm 46:1) Hiding Place: (Psalm 32:7) Strength: (Psalm 46:1) Shield: (Psalm 18:30) Rock: (Habakkuk 1:12) Rock Of My Strength: (Psalm 62:7) Rock Of Israel: (2 Samuel 23:3) Stone: (Psalm 118:22) Stone of Israel: (Genesis 49:24) Cornerstone: (Psalm 118:22) My Portion In The Land Of The Living: (Psalm 142:5) The Portion Of My Inheritance: (Psalm 16:5) My Cup: (Psalm 16:5) Branch: (Zechariah 6:12) Star: (Numbers 24:17) Crown and Daidem: (Isaiah 28:5) Potter: (Isaiah 64:8) Tent Peg, Bow Of Battle: (Zechariah 10:4) Husband: (Isaiah 54:5) Maker: (Psalm 49:2) Creator: (Ecclesiastes 12:1) Creator Of Israel: (Isaiah 43:15) Shepherd: (Genesis 49:24) Shepherd Of Israel: (Psalm 80:1) Messenger Of The Covenant: (Malachi 3:1) Redeemer: (Psalm 19:14) Redeemer of Israel: (Isaiah 49:7) Deliverer: (Psalm 144:2) My Loving kindness: (Psalm 144:2) Savior: (Isaiah 45:15) The King: (Isaiah 6:5) King Of Israel: (Zephaniah 3:15) King Of Glory: (Psalm 24:7) Lord Of All The Earth: (Micah 4:13) Ancient of Days: (Daniel 7:9) The Most High: (Deuteronomy 32:8) Covenant To The People: (Isaiah 42:6) Shiloh: (Genesis 49:10) The Angel: (Genesis 48:16) The Arm Of The Lord: (Isaiah 53:1) Ruler In Israel: (Micah 5:2) Messiah The Prince: (Daniel 9:25)
NEW TESTAMENT NAMES There is a richness here. More than Jesus Christ, or God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit.
NEW TESTAMENT NAMES FOR MESSIAH YESHUA Yeshua Of Nazareth: (Matthew 26:71) Messiah: (John 1:41) The Son: (John 8:36) Only Begotten Son: (1 John 4:9) Beloved Son: (Matthew 3:17) Son Of David: (Matthew 1:1) The Root And Offspring Of David: (Revelation 22:16) Son Of Abraham: (Matthew 1:1) Abraham's Seed: (Galatians 3:16) Son Of Joseph: (John 1:45) Son Of Man: (Matthew 26:64, see Daniel 7:13) Son Of God: (Matthew 26:63) Son of the Father: (2 John 1:3) Son Of The Most High: (Luke 1:32) Only Begotten God: (John 1:18) Firstborn: (Hebrews 1:6) Firstborn Of All Creation: (Colossians 1:15) Beginning Of The Creation Of God: (Revelation 3:14) Firstborn From The Dead: (Revelation 1:5) The Last Adam: (1 Corinthians 15:45) Rabbi: [Teacher, literally "my great one"] (Matthew 23:8) King Of Israel: (Mark 15:32) King Of The Jews: (Matthew 27:37) The Word: (John 1:1) The Word Of God: (Revelation 19:13) The Word Of Life: (1 John 1:1) The Life: (John 11:25) I AM: (John 8:58, see Exodus 3:14) LORD: (Romans 10:9-13, see Joel 2:32) God: (John 1:1) The Man: (John 19:5) Immanuel: [God with us] (Matthew 1:23, see Isaiah 7:14) Master: [Chief, Commander] (Luke 8:24) The Expected One: (Luke 7:19) Savior Of The World: (John 4:42) Savior Of All Men: (1 Timothy 4:10) The Deliverer: (Romans 11:26) The Prophet: (John 1:25, see Deuteronomy 18:15) Holy One: (Acts 3:14) Righteous One: (Acts 3:14) Prince: (Acts 5:31) Prince Of Life: (Acts 3:15) Living One: (Luke 24:5) Judge Of The Living And The Dead: (Acts 10:42) Stone: (Mark 12:10) Chief Cornerstone: (Mark 12:10) Chief Shepherd: (1 Peter 5:4) Good Shepherd: (John 10:11) Shepherd And Guardian Of Our Souls: (1 Peter 2:25) The Lamb: (Revelation 5:12) Passover Lamb: (1 Corinthians 5:7) Lamb of God: (John 1:36) Lion Of Judah: (Revelation 5:5) Advocate, Counsel For The Defense: (1 John 2:1) Light Of The World: (John 8:12) King Of Kings And Lord Of Lords: (Revelation 19:16) The Faithful Witness: (Revelation 1:5) The Faithful And True One: (Revelation 19:11) The Amen: (Revelation 3:14) Servant: (Acts 4:27) The Bright Morning Star: (Revelation 22:16) Sunrise From On High: (Luke 1:78) The Apostle: (Hebrews 3:1) The Great High Priest: (Hebrews 4:14) The Author And Perfecter Of Faith: (Hebrews 12:2) The Chosen One: (Luke 9:35) The Mediator: (1 Timothy 2:5) The Way, The Truth, And The Life: (John 14:6) The Door: (John 10:7) The Alpha And The Omega: (Revelation 22:13) The First And The Last: (Revelation 22:13) The Beginning And The End: (Revelation 22:13) The Head Of The Body, The Church: (Colossians 1:18) Head Over All Things: (Ephesians 1:22) Heir Of All Things: (Hebrews 1:2) The Image Of The Invisible God: (Colossians 1:15) God's Mystery: (Colossians 2:2) Horn Of Salvation: (Luke 1:69) The Power Of God: (1 Corinthians 1:24) The Wisdom Of God: (1 Corinthians 1:24) The Beloved: (Matthew 12:18) The Brigegroom: (John 3:29) The Bread Of God (John 6:33) The Bread Out Of Heaven: (John 6:32) The Bread Of Life: (John 6:35) The True Vine: (John 15:1) The Vinedresser: (John 15:1) The Resurrection (John 11:25)
NEW TESTAMENT NAMES FOR GOD THE FATHER Father: (Matthew 6:9) Abba: [Daddy] (Romans 8:15) God The Father: (2 Timothy 1:2) Father Of Our Lord Yeshua The Messiah: (Colossians 1:3) The Father Of Lights: (James 1:17) The Father Of Glory: (Ephesians 1:17) The Father Of Spirits: (Hebrews 12:9) Father of Mercies: (2 Corinthians 1:3) God (Elohim): (2 Corinthians 9:7) The God Of Our Fathers [Elohay Avotaynu]: (Acts 7:32) The God Of Abraham, Isaac And Jacob [Elohay Avraham, Yitzchak v'Yaakov]: (Acts 7:32) God Of All Comfort [Elohay Kol HaNechamah]: (2 Corinthians 1:3) God Of Peace [Elohay Shalom]: (Hebrews 13:20) The God Of Glory [Elohay Kavod]: (Acts 7:2) The Living God [Elohay Chaiyim]: (2 Corinthians 3:3, 6:16) The God Of Israel [Elohay Yisrael]: (Matthew 15:31) Lord God [YHVH Elohim]: (Acts 3:22) Lord God of Israel [YHVH Elohay Yisrael]: (Luke 1:68) Lord Almighty [YHVH Shaddai]: (2 Corinthians 6:18) The Almighty [Shaddai]: (Revelation 1:8) Power [Ha Gevurah]: (Mark 14:62) The Creator [HaBoray]: (Romans 1:25, 1 Peter 4:19) The Most High God [El Elyon]: (Hebrews 7:1) The Divine Nature: (Romans 1:20, 2 Peter 1:4) Lord Of Armies: [YHVH Tz'vaot] (James 5:4) The Majestic Glory: (2 Peter 1:17) The Majesty: (Hebrews 1:3) The King Of The Nations: (Revelation 15:3) The Lawgiver And Judge: (James 4:12) The Eternal Immortal Invisible King: (1 Timothy 1:17) Sovereign: (1 Timothy 6:15) Heaven: (Matthew 21:25) A Consuming Fire: (Hebrews 12:29)
NEW TESTAMENT NAMES FOR THE SPIRIT OF GOD The Spirit: (Romans 2:29) The Holy Spirit: (Luke 3:16) The Holy Spirit of God: (Ephesians 4:30) The Holy Spirit Of Promise: (Ephesians 1:13) The Spirit of the Living God: (2 Corinthians 3:3) The Spirit Of The Lord: (Luke 4:18) The Eternal Spirit: (Hebrews 9:14) The Spirit Of Truth: (John 15:26) The Spirit Of Yeshua: (Acts 16:7) The Spirit Of Yeshua The Messiah (Philippians 1:19) The Spirit Of Messiah: (Romans 8:9) The Spirit Of God: (Romans 8:9) Helper or Comforter: (John 14:26)
The Holy Spirit is compared to:
Written by Loren Jacobs |
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permission for republication on this site granted by Rabbi Loran Jacobs 05/20/2002
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